Silver rupee of Akbar – Fatehpur Mint

Obverse

Inscription	Khuld Allah Ta’ala Mulkahu Jalaludin Muhammad Akbar Badshah Ghazi 988 Zarb Dar ul Sultanat Fatehpur	ख़ुलद अल्लाह ताला मूलकहु जलालउद्दीन मोहम्मद अकबर बादशाह ग़ाज़ी ९८८ ज़र्ब दार उल सल्तनत फ़तेहपुर	خلد اللہ تعالیٰ ملکہ جلال الدین محمد اکبر بادشاہ غازی 988 ضرب دارالسلطنت فتحپور
Translation	May God Almighty perpetuate his kingdom Jalaludin Muhammad Akbar Emperor Conqueror 988 Struck at the Capital, Fatehpur	सर्वशक्तिमान ईश्वर इस राज्य को कायम रखे जलालउद्दीन मोहम्मद अकबर महाराजा ग़ाज़ी ९८८ राजधानी, फ़तेहपुर में ढाला गया	اللہ تعالیٰ اس سلطنت کو قائم رکھے جلال الدین محمد اکبر بادشاہ غازی 988 ضرب دارالسلطنت فتحپور

Reverse

Inscription	La ila illallah Muhammad Rasul Allah (centre)   Basidaq Abi Bakr Ba’adal Omar Bahya Osman [Gha]ni Ba’ilm Ali (in margins)	ला इलाहा इल्लल्लाह मुहम्मद रसूलुल्लाह (बीच में) अबीबक्र बसिदक़ बअदल उमर बहया उस्मान [ग़]नी बइल्म अली (चारों ओर)	لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله (بیچ میں) بصدقدق ابی بکر بعدل عمر بحیا عثمان [غ]نی بعلم علی (چاروں اور)
Translation	There is no God but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God (centre)     Abu Bakr, the Truthful Omar, the Just Osman, the Modest Ali, the Knowledgeable (in margins)	कोई भी परमेश्वर नहीं है, परमेश्वर के सिवा, मुहम्मद उस ईश्वर के प्रेषित हैं। (बीच में)   अबूबक्र, सत्यवादी उमर, न्यायप्रिय उसमान, विनयपूर्ण अली, सुविज्ञ	نہیں ہے کوئ معبود سواۓ اللہ کے محمد اللہ کے پیغمبر ہیں۔ (بیچ میں) ابی بکر بصدق بعدل عمر بحیا عثمان [غ]نی بعلم علی (چاروں اور)

About

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), commonly known as Akbar the Great, is the most well known of the Mughal Emperors. It is with Akbar’s coronation that the greatest epoch of Mughal history begins. Much of the Indian subcontinent was eventually added to the Mughal Empire by him. But because the Mughals dominated in terms of military, politics, culture, and economy, his power and influence spread throughout the whole subcontinent.

In the matter of dealing with difficulties arising in the government of a uniquely heterogeneous empire, Akbar stands absolutely matchless. Akbar developed a centralised administrative system and undertook a policy of appeasing conquered monarchs through marriage and diplomacy in order to unify and consolidate the enormous Mughal realm. He implemented policies that gained the favour of his non-Muslim subjects in order to maintain peace and order in an empire with a diverse religious and cultural population. Akbar sought to connect the remote regions of his empire by eschewing tribal ties and Islamic state identity and relying instead on Indo-Persian culture to convey loyalty to himself as an emperor.

The currency of Akbar is unquestionably the most delicate, attractive, and diverse of any Mughal Emperor. The coins of Akbar are a striking representation of his character. This particular coin is somewhere from the middle of his reign. It bears the mint name “Dar ul Sultanat Fatehpur” referring to the Mughal capital of Fatehpur Sikri.

Fatehpur Sikri is a town in western Uttar Pradesh situated close to the Rajasthan state border which was founded as the capital of the Mughal Empire in 1571 by Akbar. A few years prior, Akbar had visited a sufi saint who was residing in the village of Sikri. The saint correctly foretold the birth of Akbar’s son Jahangir. Akbar, then declared the site to be auspicious and decided to designate it as his capital. Several buildings were constructed over the next few years. Those include structures exhibiting both Muslim and Hindu architectural traditions. It served as the Mughal capital till 1585.

The layout of the coin is relatively straightforward but still the calligraphic style stands to impress. The obverse features Akbar’s full name in the centre, the phrase “Khuld Allah Ta’ala Mulkahu” meaning “May God Almighty perpetuate his kingdom” and the mint name at the bottom. The reverse presents the kalima Shahada in the centre, enclosed by the names of the four Rashidun Caliphs alongside their epithets.