Silver rupee of Akbar – Agra
Obverse
|
Jalaludin Muhammad
Akbar Badshah Ghazi (centre) Al-Sultan Al-Azam Khuld Allah Ta’ala Mulkahu Wa Sultanahu Zar[b] Dar-ul-Khilafat
Agra (in
margins) |
जलालउद्दीन मुहम्मद अकबर बादशाह ग़ाज़ी (बीच में)
अल सुल्तान
अल आज़म ख़ुलद अल्लाह ताला मूलकहु व सुल्तानहू ज़[र्ब] दर उल ख़िलाफ़त आगरह (चारों
ओर) |
جلال الدین محمد اکبر بادشاہ غازی (بیچ میں)
السلطان الاعظم خلد اللہ تعالیٰ ملکہ و سلطانہ دار الخلافہ آگرہ [ب]ضر (چاروں
اور) |
|
Glory of the Faith Muhammad
Akbar Badshah Ghazi (centre) The Great Sultan May God preserve his kingdom And rule Minted at the Capital
Agra (in margins) |
धर्म की
शान मुहम्मद अकबर बादशाह ग़ाज़ी (बीच में)
महान सुल्तान भगवान इस राज्य और राज को क़ायम रखे राजधानी आगरा में ढाला गया (चारों
ओर) |
جلال الدین محمد اکبر بادشاہ غازی (بیچ میں)
عظیم سلطان خدا اس سلطنت اور حکم کو قائم رکھے دار الخلافہ آگرہ میں ڈھالا گیا (چاروں اور) |
Reverse
|
La ila illallah Muhammad
Rasul Allah
(centre)
Basidaq Abi Bakr Ba’adal Omar Bahya Osman Ba’ilm Ali (in margins) |
ला इलाहा इल्लल्लाह मुहम्मद रसूलुल्लाह (बीच में)
अबूबक्र बसिदक़ बअदल उमर बहया उस्मान बइल्म अली (चारों ओर) |
لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الله (بیچ میں) بصدق ابو بکر بعدل عمر بحیا عثمان بعلم علی (چاروں
اور) |
|
There is no God but God, Muhammad is the messenger of God (centre) Abu Bakr, the Truthful Omar, the Just Osman, the Modest Ali, the Knowledgeable (in margins) |
कोई भी परमेश्वर नहीं है,
परमेश्वर के सिवा,
मुहम्मद ईश्वर के प्रेषित हैं (बीच में)
अबूबक्र, सत्यवादी उमर, न्यायप्रिय उसमान, विनयपूर्ण अली, सुविज्ञ (चारों ओर) |
نہیں ہے کوئ معبود سواۓ اللہ کے محمد اللہ کے پیغمبر ہیں (بیچ میں) ابو بکر بصدق بعدل عمر بحیا عثمان بعلم علی (چاروں
اور) |
Year: 976 AH (1568/9 AD)
Regnal year: N/A
Weight: 11.26 g
Mint: Agra
About
Abu'l-Fath
Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (reigned: 1556-1605), commonly known as Akbar the
Great, is the most well-known of the Mughal Emperors. It is with Akbar’s
coronation that the greatest epoch of Mughal history begins. Much of the Indian
subcontinent was eventually added to the Mughal Empire by him. He incorporated
nearly all the kingdoms which had broken away from the Delhi Sultanate – Malwa
(1560), Gujarat (1572), Bengal (1577), Ahmednagar (1595) and Khandesh (1599).
Akbar also annexed the Sultanate of Kashmir in the north.[i]
The Mughals dominated in terms of military, politics, culture, and economy, and
their power and influence spread throughout the whole subcontinent.
In the matter of dealing with difficulties arising in the
government of a uniquely heterogeneous empire, Akbar stands absolutely
matchless. Akbar developed a centralised administrative system and undertook a
policy of appeasing conquered monarchs through marriage and diplomacy in order
to unify and consolidate the enormous Mughal realm. He implemented policies
that gained the favour of his non-Muslim subjects in order to maintain peace
and order in an empire with a diverse religious and cultural population. Akbar
sought to connect the remote regions of his empire by eschewing tribal ties and
Islamic state identity and relying instead on Indo-Persian culture to convey
loyalty to himself as an emperor. [ii]
The coin
The currency of Akbar is unquestionably the most delicate,
attractive, and diverse of any Mughal Emperor. The coins of Akbar are a
striking representation of his character. This coin is part of the “Kalima
series” of Akbar coins which were issued near the start of his reign. This coin
is among the first Mughal rupees issued as the rupee was introduced by Sher
Shah Suri and then continued by Akbar.
The obverse features Akbar’s name and titles, the mint name
as well as a prayer. The mint name also contains the common epithet of ‘Dar-ul-Khilafat’
referring to the Capital of the Mughals – Agra. The reverse presents the Kalima
Shahada in the centre, enclosed by the names of the four Rashidun Caliphs
alongside their epithets.
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